“BEYOND THE JORDAN”: A PHRASE IN QUESTION
“BEYOND THE JORDAN”: A PHRASE IN QUESTION
Read Essay →“KINGDOM OF HEAVEN”/“KINGDOM OF GOD”/“CHURCH”
“KINGDOM OF HEAVEN”/“KINGDOM OF GOD”/“CHURCH”
Read Essay →2 Peter and Jude in Parallel (Greek)
2 PETER AND JUDE IN PARALLEL
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →
A CLUSTER OF POSITIONS
A CLUSTER OF POSITIONS
Virgil Warren, PhD
1. (Un)conscious desire to avoid the demand made on a person’s life if these materials are
Read Essay →A RATIONALE FOR THE STRUCTURE OF GENESIS 1:1-2:3
A RATIONALE FOR THE STRUCTURE OF GENESIS 1:1-2:3
Read Essay →ABBREVIATED TIME
ABBREVIATED TIME
Read Essay →ACCEPTING THE PAULINE CORPUS
ACCEPTING THE PAULINE CORPUS
Read Essay →ANIMAL SYMBOLISM IN BIBLICAL APOCALYPTIC
ANIMAL SYMBOLISM IN BIBLICAL APOCALYPTIC
Read Essay →BASIC CONCEPTS IN CREATIONIST-EVOLUTIONARY THOUGHT
BASIC CONCEPTS IN CREATIONIST-EVOLUTIONARY THOUGHT
Virgil Warren, PhD
Can we put in sequence the origin of reciprocating parts that are necessary for the viability of the organism and the parts themselves? If we can put their origin in sequence, they are not reciprocal. But the parts of plants and animals are in fact reciprocally interdependent unto viability. All parts have to be present and functional at all times. Disorganization destroys functionality.
Read Essay →CANON CRITICISM
CANON CRITICISM
Read Essay →CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF 1 PETER
CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF 1 PETER
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF ACTS
CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF ACTS
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF COLOSSIANS
CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF COLOSSIANS
Read Essay →CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF EPHESIANS
CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF EPHESIANS
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF HEBREWS
CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF HEBREWS
Read Essay →
CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF ROMANS
CHARACTERISTICS AND PECULIARITIES OF ROMANS
Read Essay →CHRONOLOGY OF THE LIFE OF PAUL
CHRONOLOGY OF THE LIFE OF PAUL
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →COLOSSIANS, PHILEMON, AND EPHESIANS SENT
COLOSSIANS, PHILEMON, AND EPHESIANS SENT
SIMULTANEOUSLY (plus the letter to the Laodecians?)
Read Essay →Comments on Creation vs Evolution
COMMENTS ON CREATION VS. EVOLUTION
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →COMMENTS ON EXTREME EVIL
COMMENTS ON EXTREME EVIL
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →
COMPARING THEISM AND NATURALISM IN ORIGINS THEORY
COMPARING THEISM AND NATURALISM IN ORIGINS THEORY
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO 1 JOHN
CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO 1 JOHN
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO 1 PETER
CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO 1 PETER
Read Essay →CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO 2 JOHN
CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO 2 JOHN
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →
CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO 2 PETER
CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO 2 PETER
Read Essay →CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO 3 JOHN
CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO 3 JOHN
Virgil Warren, PhD
I. Authorship
It is uncertain whether there is any evidence for 3 John ‘s being cited before the third century, if the Muratorian Canon speaks only of two epistles of John. This lack of citation and mention is understandable because of its brevity and the character of its contents. What was said of “the Elder” in connection with 1 John applies here also.
Read Essay →CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO JAMES
CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO JAMES
Read Essay →CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO JUDE
CRITICAL INTRODUCTION TO JUDE
Read Essay →DATES AND ORIGIN OF NEW TESTAMENT WRITINGS
DATES AND ORIGIN OF NEW TESTAMENT WRITINGS
Read Essay →DESTINATION AND DATE OF GALATIANS
DESTINATION AND DATE OF GALATIANS
Read Essay →EVIL IN THE WORLD: IS GOD HOLY?
EVIL IN THE WORLD: IS GOD HOLY?
Read Essay →EVIL IN THE WORLD: IS GOD HOLY?
Introduction: The Antilogism
I. The origin of evil in the free will (intellect) of secondary agencies maintains the holiness of God.
A. Persons involved
Satan: John 8:44
Adam and Eve
a. Origin of sin among people: Romans 15:12
b. Universality among people
B. Why allow evil in the first place?
Evil is a necessary potentiality of free will. God is not limited by the option, but
expresses himself in the option.
Read Essay →EXTERNAL TESTIMONY TO THE AUTHORSHIP OF HEBREWS
EXTERNAL TESTIMONY TO THE AUTHORSHIP OF HEBREWS
Read Essay →EXTRA NAMES IN THE HEADINGS OF
EXTRA NAMES IN THE HEADINGS OF
Read Essay →FAITH AND SIGHT/SCIENCE
FAITH AND SIGHT/SCIENCE
Virgil Warren, PhD
Science deals with the experience of recurrent natural processes in the present. The technology science uses enhances the degree and kinds of sense perception in the natural realm.
Read Essay →FRAGMENTING PHILIPPIANS
FRAGMENTING PHILIPPIANS
Read Essay →GAMALIEL’S ARGUMENT FOR THE RESURRECTION OF JESUS
GAMALIEL’S ARGUMENT FOR THE RESURRECTION OF JESUS
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →GENERAL SCHEMATIC FOR CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
GENERAL SCHEMATIC FOR CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →GENERAL SCHEMATIC FOR CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
GENERAL SCHEMATIC FOR CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →GNOSTICISM AND THE BOOK OF COLOSSIANS
GNOSTICISM AND THE BOOK OF COLOSSIANS
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →GOOD AND EVIL IN ETERNAL PERSPECTIVE:
GOOD AND EVIL IN ETERNAL PERSPECTIVE:
HELP FROM REVELATION
Virgil Warren, PhD
Good triumphs over evil.
Read Essay →GOODSPEED’S ARGUMENTS AGAINST THE
GOODSPEED’S ARGUMENTS AGAINST THE
Read Essay →HEBREWS AND THE ALEXANDRIAN ORIGIN OR DESTINY
HEBREWS AND THE ALEXANDRIAN ORIGIN OR DESTINY
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →HEBREWS’ RHETORICAL STYLE
HEBREWS’ RHETORICAL STYLE
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND BEHIND GALATIANS
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND BEHIND GALATIANS
Read Essay →IMPLICATIONS OF THE UNITY OF BIBLICAL MATERIALS
IMPLICATIONS OF THE UNITY OF BIBLICAL MATERIALS
Virgil Warren, PhD
I. Jeremiah as a test case
Read Essay →INTELLIGENTLY DISCUSSING CREATION AND EVOLUTION
INTELLIGENTLY DISCUSSING CREATION AND EVOLUTION
Virgil Warren, PhD
The presentation here is not for solving the creation-evolution problem, but for clarifying the issue and correcting inappropriate thinking patterns.
Read Essay →INTERNAL EVIDENCE FOR
INTERNAL EVIDENCE FOR
Read Essay →INTERNAL EVIDENCE ON CRITICAL MATTERS: HEBREWS
INTERNAL EVIDENCE ON CRITICAL MATTERS: HEBREWS
Read Essay →INTERNAL EVIDENCE ON THE AUTHORSHIP OF
INTERNAL EVIDENCE ON THE AUTHORSHIP OF
Read Essay →INTERPRETATION IN HEBREWS CONTRASTED TO
INTERPRETATION IN HEBREWS CONTRASTED TO
THE ALLEGORICAL METHOD OF PHILO
Read Essay →INTRODUCTORY CONSIDERATIONS ON JONAH
INTRODUCTORY CONSIDERATIONS ON JONAH
Read Essay →IRREGULAR LINGUISTIC FEATURES IN REVELATION:
IRREGULAR LINGUISTIC FEATURES IN REVELATION:
Read Essay →KNOWING BY FAITH
KNOWING BY FAITH
Virgil Warren, PhD
Limitations of science
Science has three major limitations. First, (1) science cannot deal with universals, or absolutes. It is subject to “the plague of particularity” because it is limited to the inductive approach. Science can form and test hypotheses, which are mental deductions from previous particulars; but these hypotheses are approximate, since they are based on limited previous experience. Since science cannot deal with the absolutes of universal space or eternal time, science cannot lead to an adequate understanding of “the big picture.” In short, science cannot produce a worldview. It deals more with particulars than with systematics.
Read Essay →LUKE-ACTS AS INTERPRETED HISTORY
LUKE-ACTS AS INTERPRETED HISTORY
Virgil Warren, PhD
I. Selectivity
The fact that the book does not recount all the events means that selection has occurred. If selection has occurred, the writer does not just tell about a bunch of things that happened (“stream of consciousness”). Rather, he is a historian that makes a judgment about what events are epitomes and direction-setting events. Seeing the big picture, a historian chooses events that—from the vantage point of God above or of later perspective—prove to be more important because of their impact on subsequent events or prove more useful to any distinctive purpose the author may have.
Read Essay →MATTERS THAT AFFECT STYLE
MATTERS THAT AFFECT STYLE
Read Essay →
METHOD IN LITERARY CRITICISM
METHOD IN LITERARY CRITICISM
Read Essay →METHODOLOGY FOR CRITICAL INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY FOR CRITICAL INTRODUCTION
Read Essay →Natural Theology and New T estament
NATURAL THEOLOGY AND THE NEW TESTAMENT
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →NEW TESTAMENT STUDIES AND THE USE OF AMANUENSES
NEW TESTAMENT STUDIES AND THE USE OF AMANUENSES
Read Essay →NOTATIONS ON THE DOCUMENTARY THEORY
NOTATIONS ON THE DOCUMENTARY THEORY
FOR ORIGINS OF THE PENTATEUCH
Read Essay →OBSERVATIONS ON REVELATION
OBSERVATIONS ON REVELATION
Read Essay →ORIGIN OF THE ROMAN CHURCH(ES)
ORIGIN OF THE ROMAN CHURCH(ES)
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →
ORTHODOX CHRISTIANITY
ORTHODOX CHRISTIANITY
Virgil Warren, PhD

A prevalent idea in current religious studies is that Christianity as we know it became associated by way of historical process with the Roman government. The line of descent from Jesus that history preserved was that line of development, both as to its viewpoints and its literature. Petrine Christianity as represented by the Judaizers was the main contrast to Pauline Christianity and its international universalism. Government influence suppressed and destroyed the writings of “heretics” as measured by the preserved standard, and generally disenfranchised its people. So, the understanding of Jesus as well as the canonical literature that has descended to us results from historical processes and no more represent a “legitimate,” or true, understanding of Jesus than other traditions did.
Read Essay →OVERVIEW OF CREATION AND EVOLUTION
OVERVIEW OF CREATION AND EVOLUTION
Read Essay →PART FOUR: THE PHILOSOPHICAL METHOD IN SKETCH
PART FOUR: THE PHILOSOPHICAL METHOD IN SKETCH
Read Essay →Part I: OVERVIEW OF CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
Part I: OVERVIEW OF CHRISTIAN APOLOGETICS
Read Essay →PART III: THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
PART III: THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
Read Essay →PASTORALS: DATE, DESTINATION, SEQUENCE, PURPOSE
PASTORALS: DATE, DESTINATION, SEQUENCE, PURPOSE
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →Paul's Connections with Corinth
PAUL’S CONNECTIONS WITH CORINTH
Writing of 2 Corinthians (2 Cor. 1:1-2)
Read Essay →PAUL'S MANY ADVERSARIES IN EPHESUS
PAUL’S “MANY ADVERSARIES” IN EPHESUS
Read Essay →PAUL’S VISITS TO JERUSALEM
PAUL’S VISITS TO JERUSALEM
Virgil Warren, PhD
Events in Galatians Events in Acts
Read Essay →PECULIARITIES OF JOHN’S GOSPEL
PECULIARITIES OF JOHN’S GOSPEL
Read Essay →PECULIARITIES OF LUKE
PECULIARITIES OF LUKE
Virgil Warren, PhD
1. Indicates most noticeably the prayer life of Jesus
Read Essay →PECULIARITIES OF MARK
PECULIARITIES OF MARK
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →
PECULIARITIES OF MATTHEW
PECULIARITIES OF MATTHEW
Virgil Warren, PhD
1. Among the gospels, greatest number of Old Testament citations of prophecies fulfilled in
Read Essay →PEG DATES FOR NEW TESTAMENT STUDIES
PEG DATES FOR NEW TESTAMENT STUDIES
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →
PHILIPPIANS: THE TIME OF WRITING
PHILIPPIANS: THE TIME OF WRITING
WITHIN THE ROMAN IMPRISONMENT
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →PLACE OF ACTS IN THE NEW TESTAMENT
PLACE OF ACTS IN THE NEW TESTAMENT
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →PLACE OF WRITING THE PRISON EPISTLES
PLACE OF WRITING THE PRISON EPISTLES
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →
PRIMARY QUESTIONS IN THE COLLECTION
PRIMARY QUESTIONS IN THE COLLECTION
OF THE NEW TESTAMENT CANON
Read Essay →REASONS FOR THE “MOOD SHIFT” BETWEEN
REASONS FOR THE “MOOD SHIFT” BETWEEN
Read Essay →RECENSIONS OF ROMANS
RECENSIONS OF ROMANS
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →
RECIPROCAL CAUSATIONʹ, THE BIOSPHERE,
RECIPROCAL CAUSATIONʹ, THE BIOSPHERE,
Read Essay →RECIPROCAL CAUSATIONʹ, THE BIOSPHERE, AND INTELLIGENT DESIGN
RECIPROCAL CAUSATIONʹ, THE BIOSPHERE,
Read Essay →RECIPROCAL CAUSATIONʹ, THE BIOSPHERE, AND THEISTIC PROOF
RECIPROCAL CAUSATIONʹ, THE BIOSPHERE,
AND THEISTIC PROOF
Read Essay →RECONSTRUCTION OF THE FOURFOLD CORINTHIAN
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE FOURFOLD CORINTHIAN
CORRESPONDENCE THEORY
Read Essay →
RESOLVING APPARENT CONTRADICTIONS IN SCRIPTURE
RESOLVING APPARENT CONTRADICTIONS IN SCRIPTURE
Read Essay →ROMANS: ORIGIN, DATE, AND DESTINATION
ROMANS: ORIGIN, DATE, AND DESTINATION
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →SELAH IN THE PSALMS
SELAH IN THE PSALMS
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →SEQUENCE OF THE THESSALONIAN CORRESPONDENCE
SEQUENCE OF THE THESSALONIAN CORRESPONDENCE
Read Essay →SKETCH OF PROPOSITIONS AND PRESUPPOSITIONS
SKETCH OF PROPOSITIONS AND PRESUPPOSITIONS
Read Essay →SOURCES OF THE PAULINE MATERIAL
SOURCES OF THE PAULINE MATERIAL
Read Essay →SUFFERING IN THE WORLD: DOES GOD LOVE US?
SUFFERING IN THE WORLD: DOES GOD LOVE US?
Read Essay →THE “PREVIOUS LETTER” TO THE CORINTHIANS
THE “PREVIOUS LETTER” TO THE CORINTHIANS
Read Essay →THE “SPEECHES” IN ACTS
THE “SPEECHES” IN ACTS
Read Essay →THE ANTIQUITY AND CHARACTER OF RITUAL SACRIFICE
THE ANTIQUITY AND CHARACTER OF RITUAL SACRIFICE
Read Essay →THE COLOSSIAN HERESY
THE COLOSSIAN HERESY
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →
THE DATE OF THE EVENTS IN JOB
THE DATE OF THE EVENTS IN JOB
Read Essay →THE DETERMINING PRINCIPLES FOR CANONICITY
THE DETERMINING PRINCIPLES FOR CANONICITY
Virgil Warren, PhD
In keeping with the structure of apologetics, the following sketch deals with the principles for determining whether a writing belongs in the Judaeo-Christian canon.
Read Essay →THE GOSPELS IN GENERAL
THE GOSPELS IN GENERAL
Virgil Warren, PhD
I. Form
Read Essay →THE MOSES-TIME VIEWPOINT OF GENESIS-DEUTERONOMY
THE MOSES-TIME VIEWPOINT OF GENESIS-DEUTERONOMY
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →THE NOACHIAN FLOOD
THE NOACHIAN FLOOD
Read Essay →THE ORIGIN OF GNOSTICISM AND ITS BEARING ON THE
THE ORIGIN OF GNOSTICISM AND ITS BEARING ON THE
DATE OF COLOSSIANS
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →THE PROBLEM OF THE PASTORALS
THE PROBLEM OF THE PASTORALS
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →THE PURPOSE OF ACTS
THE PURPOSE OF ACTS
Read Essay →THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE LAW AND THE GOSPEL
THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE LAW AND THE GOSPEL
Read Essay →THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE SYNOPTICS
THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE SYNOPTICS
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →THE SEVEN CHURCHES OF ASIA
THE SEVEN CHURCHES OF ASIA
Read Essay →THE SEVEN DAYS OF CONSUMMATION
THE SEVEN DAYS OF CONSUMMATION
Read Essay →THE STRUCTURE OF JOB
THE STRUCTURE OF JOB
Virgil Warren, PhD
The Set-Up: Behind the Scenes: 1-2
Read Essay →THE SYNOPTIC GOSPELS
THE SYNOPTIC GOSPELS
Read Essay →THE THIRD REASON
THE THIRD REASON
Virgil Warren, PhD
Introductory Comment
Read Essay →THE WITNESS OF ACTS TO THE KERYGMA
THE WITNESS OF ACTS TO THE KERYGMA
Read Essay →THESSALONIANS TIME LINE
THESSALONIANS TIME LINE
Virgil Warren, PhD
Read Essay →
TRACING PAUL’S MOVEMENTS
TRACING PAUL’S MOVEMENTS
BEHIND THE THESSALONIAN CORRESPONDENCE
Read Essay →TYPICAL ISSUES IN CRITICAL INTRODUCTION
TYPICAL ISSUES IN CRITICAL INTRODUCTION
Read Essay →